[html5] r7250 - [ct] (0) Let's try a different approach for markup generators unable to include [...]
whatwg at whatwg.org
whatwg at whatwg.org
Tue Aug 21 17:43:34 PDT 2012
Author: ianh
Date: 2012-08-21 17:43:32 -0700 (Tue, 21 Aug 2012)
New Revision: 7250
Modified:
complete.html
index
source
Log:
[ct] (0) Let's try a different approach for markup generators unable to include alt attributes.
Affected topics: HTML
Modified: complete.html
===================================================================
--- complete.html 2012-08-21 23:35:13 UTC (rev 7249)
+++ complete.html 2012-08-22 00:43:32 UTC (rev 7250)
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@
<header class=head id=head><p><a class=logo href=http://www.whatwg.org/><img alt=WHATWG height=101 src=/images/logo width=101></a></p>
<hgroup><h1 class=allcaps>HTML</h1>
- <h2 class="no-num no-toc">Living Standard — Last Updated 21 August 2012</h2>
+ <h2 class="no-num no-toc">Living Standard — Last Updated 22 August 2012</h2>
</hgroup><dl><dt><strong>Web developer edition:</strong></dt>
<dd><strong><a href=http://developers.whatwg.org/>http://developers.whatwg.org/</a></strong></dd>
<dt>Multiple-page version:</dt>
@@ -15120,15 +15120,6 @@
</div>
- <!-- XXXX -->
- <p class=note>This metadata name causes conformance checkers to
- <a href=#guidance-for-conformance-checkers>silently ignore</a>
- certain conformance errors that are inevitable when using
- state-of-the-art editing software, to discourage such editors from
- replacing those errors with even more incorrect markup that
- state-of-the-art automated conformance checkers cannot distinguish
- from valid markup.</p>
-
</dd>
<dt><dfn id=meta-keywords title=meta-keywords><code>keywords</code></dfn></dt>
@@ -26006,6 +25997,11 @@
or the URL of the target, and use information obtained in this
manner as the alternative text.</p>
+ <p>For images that have captions, markup generators should use the
+ <code><a href=#the-figure-element>figure</a></code> and <code><a href=#the-figcaption-element>figcaption</a></code> elements, or the
+ <code title=attr-title><a href=#attr-title>title</a></code> attribute, to provide the
+ image's caption.</p>
+
<p>As a last resort, implementors should either set the <code title=attr-img-alt><a href=#attr-img-alt>alt</a></code> attribute to the empty string, under
the assumption that the image is a purely decorative image that
doesn't add any information but is still specific to the surrounding
@@ -26013,6 +26009,21 @@
altogether, under the assumption that the image is a key part of the
content.</p>
+ <p>Markup generators may specify a <dfn id=attr-img-generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt title=attr-img-generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt><code>generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt</code></dfn>
+ attribute on <code><a href=#the-img-element>img</a></code> elements for which they have been
+ unable to obtain alternative text and for which they have therefore
+ omitted the <code title=attr-img-alt><a href=#attr-img-alt>alt</a></code> attribute. The
+ value of this attribute must be the empty string. Documents
+ containing such attributes are not conforming, but conformance
+ checkers will <a href=#guidance-for-conformance-checkers>silently
+ ignore</a> this error.</p>
+
+ <p class=note>This is intended to avoid markup generators from
+ being pressured into replacing the error of omitting the <code title=attr-img-alt><a href=#attr-img-alt>alt</a></code> attribute with the even more
+ egregious error of providing phony alternative text, because
+ state-of-the-art automated conformance checkers cannot distinguish
+ phony alternative text from correct alternative text.</p>
+
<p>Markup generators should generally avoid using the image's own
file name as the alternative text. Similarly, markup generators
should avoid generating alternative text from any content that will
@@ -26035,33 +26046,36 @@
the conditions listed below applies:</p>
<ul><!-- when editing this list, search for the two other occurrences
- of 'critical-no-alt' --><li>The <code><a href=#the-img-element>img</a></code> element is in a <code><a href=#the-figure-element>figure</a></code>
+ of 'critical-no-alt' --><li><p>The <code><a href=#the-img-element>img</a></code> element is in a <code><a href=#the-figure-element>figure</a></code>
element that satisfies <a href=#figcaption-as-alt-condition>the
conditions described above</a>.</li>
- <li>The <code title=attr-title><a href=#attr-title>title</a></code> attribute is present
- and has a non-empty value (as <a href=#unknown-images>described
+ <li><p>The <code><a href=#the-img-element>img</a></code> element has a <code title=attr-title><a href=#attr-title>title</a></code> attribute with a value that is not
+ the empty string (also as <a href=#unknown-images>described
above</a>).</li>
<!-- the following are additional entries not included in the
aforementioned list, as they apply only to conformance checkers -->
- <li>The conformance checker has been configured to assume that the
- document is an e-mail or document intended for a specific person
- who is known to be able to view images.</li>
+ <li><p>The conformance checker has been configured to assume that
+ the document is an e-mail or document intended for a specific
+ person who is known to be able to view images.</li>
- <!-- XXXX -->
- <li>The document has a <code><a href=#the-meta-element>meta</a></code> element with a <code title=attr-meta-name><a href=#attr-meta-name>name</a></code> attribute whose value is an
- <a href=#ascii-case-insensitive>ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title=meta-generator><a href=#meta-generator>generator</a></code>". (This case does not
- represent a case where the document is conforming, only that the
- generator could not determine appropriate alternative text —
- validators are not required to show an error in this case, because
- such an error might encourage markup generators to include bogus
- alternative text purely in an attempt to silence validators.
- Naturally, conformance checkers <em>may</em> report this error; for
- example, there could be a user option to report <em>all</em>
- conformance errors even those that might be the more or less
- inevitable result of using a markup generator.)</li>
+ <li><p>The <code><a href=#the-img-element>img</a></code> elment has a (non-conforming) <code title=attr-img-generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt><a href=#attr-img-generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt>generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt</a></code>
+ attribute whose value is the empty string. A conformance checker
+ that is not reporting the lack of an <code title=attr-img-alt><a href=#attr-img-alt>alt</a></code> attribute as an error must also not
+ report the presence of the empty <code title=attr-img-generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt><a href=#attr-img-generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt>generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt</a></code>
+ attribute as an error. (This case does not represent a case where
+ the document is conforming, only that the generator could not
+ determine appropriate alternative text — validators are not
+ required to show an error in this case, because such an error might
+ encourage markup generators to include bogus alternative text
+ purely in an attempt to silence validators. Naturally, conformance
+ checkers <em>may</em> report the lack of an <code title=attr-img-alt><a href=#attr-img-alt>alt</a></code> attribute as an error even in the
+ presence of the <code title=attr-img-generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt><a href=#attr-img-generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt>generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt</a></code>
+ attribute; for example, there could be a user option to report
+ <em>all</em> conformance errors even those that might be the more
+ or less inevitable result of using a markup generator.)</li>
</ul></div>
Modified: index
===================================================================
--- index 2012-08-21 23:35:13 UTC (rev 7249)
+++ index 2012-08-22 00:43:32 UTC (rev 7250)
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@
<header class=head id=head><p><a class=logo href=http://www.whatwg.org/><img alt=WHATWG height=101 src=/images/logo width=101></a></p>
<hgroup><h1 class=allcaps>HTML</h1>
- <h2 class="no-num no-toc">Living Standard — Last Updated 21 August 2012</h2>
+ <h2 class="no-num no-toc">Living Standard — Last Updated 22 August 2012</h2>
</hgroup><dl><dt><strong>Web developer edition:</strong></dt>
<dd><strong><a href=http://developers.whatwg.org/>http://developers.whatwg.org/</a></strong></dd>
<dt>Multiple-page version:</dt>
@@ -15120,15 +15120,6 @@
</div>
- <!-- XXXX -->
- <p class=note>This metadata name causes conformance checkers to
- <a href=#guidance-for-conformance-checkers>silently ignore</a>
- certain conformance errors that are inevitable when using
- state-of-the-art editing software, to discourage such editors from
- replacing those errors with even more incorrect markup that
- state-of-the-art automated conformance checkers cannot distinguish
- from valid markup.</p>
-
</dd>
<dt><dfn id=meta-keywords title=meta-keywords><code>keywords</code></dfn></dt>
@@ -26006,6 +25997,11 @@
or the URL of the target, and use information obtained in this
manner as the alternative text.</p>
+ <p>For images that have captions, markup generators should use the
+ <code><a href=#the-figure-element>figure</a></code> and <code><a href=#the-figcaption-element>figcaption</a></code> elements, or the
+ <code title=attr-title><a href=#attr-title>title</a></code> attribute, to provide the
+ image's caption.</p>
+
<p>As a last resort, implementors should either set the <code title=attr-img-alt><a href=#attr-img-alt>alt</a></code> attribute to the empty string, under
the assumption that the image is a purely decorative image that
doesn't add any information but is still specific to the surrounding
@@ -26013,6 +26009,21 @@
altogether, under the assumption that the image is a key part of the
content.</p>
+ <p>Markup generators may specify a <dfn id=attr-img-generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt title=attr-img-generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt><code>generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt</code></dfn>
+ attribute on <code><a href=#the-img-element>img</a></code> elements for which they have been
+ unable to obtain alternative text and for which they have therefore
+ omitted the <code title=attr-img-alt><a href=#attr-img-alt>alt</a></code> attribute. The
+ value of this attribute must be the empty string. Documents
+ containing such attributes are not conforming, but conformance
+ checkers will <a href=#guidance-for-conformance-checkers>silently
+ ignore</a> this error.</p>
+
+ <p class=note>This is intended to avoid markup generators from
+ being pressured into replacing the error of omitting the <code title=attr-img-alt><a href=#attr-img-alt>alt</a></code> attribute with the even more
+ egregious error of providing phony alternative text, because
+ state-of-the-art automated conformance checkers cannot distinguish
+ phony alternative text from correct alternative text.</p>
+
<p>Markup generators should generally avoid using the image's own
file name as the alternative text. Similarly, markup generators
should avoid generating alternative text from any content that will
@@ -26035,33 +26046,36 @@
the conditions listed below applies:</p>
<ul><!-- when editing this list, search for the two other occurrences
- of 'critical-no-alt' --><li>The <code><a href=#the-img-element>img</a></code> element is in a <code><a href=#the-figure-element>figure</a></code>
+ of 'critical-no-alt' --><li><p>The <code><a href=#the-img-element>img</a></code> element is in a <code><a href=#the-figure-element>figure</a></code>
element that satisfies <a href=#figcaption-as-alt-condition>the
conditions described above</a>.</li>
- <li>The <code title=attr-title><a href=#attr-title>title</a></code> attribute is present
- and has a non-empty value (as <a href=#unknown-images>described
+ <li><p>The <code><a href=#the-img-element>img</a></code> element has a <code title=attr-title><a href=#attr-title>title</a></code> attribute with a value that is not
+ the empty string (also as <a href=#unknown-images>described
above</a>).</li>
<!-- the following are additional entries not included in the
aforementioned list, as they apply only to conformance checkers -->
- <li>The conformance checker has been configured to assume that the
- document is an e-mail or document intended for a specific person
- who is known to be able to view images.</li>
+ <li><p>The conformance checker has been configured to assume that
+ the document is an e-mail or document intended for a specific
+ person who is known to be able to view images.</li>
- <!-- XXXX -->
- <li>The document has a <code><a href=#the-meta-element>meta</a></code> element with a <code title=attr-meta-name><a href=#attr-meta-name>name</a></code> attribute whose value is an
- <a href=#ascii-case-insensitive>ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title=meta-generator><a href=#meta-generator>generator</a></code>". (This case does not
- represent a case where the document is conforming, only that the
- generator could not determine appropriate alternative text —
- validators are not required to show an error in this case, because
- such an error might encourage markup generators to include bogus
- alternative text purely in an attempt to silence validators.
- Naturally, conformance checkers <em>may</em> report this error; for
- example, there could be a user option to report <em>all</em>
- conformance errors even those that might be the more or less
- inevitable result of using a markup generator.)</li>
+ <li><p>The <code><a href=#the-img-element>img</a></code> elment has a (non-conforming) <code title=attr-img-generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt><a href=#attr-img-generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt>generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt</a></code>
+ attribute whose value is the empty string. A conformance checker
+ that is not reporting the lack of an <code title=attr-img-alt><a href=#attr-img-alt>alt</a></code> attribute as an error must also not
+ report the presence of the empty <code title=attr-img-generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt><a href=#attr-img-generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt>generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt</a></code>
+ attribute as an error. (This case does not represent a case where
+ the document is conforming, only that the generator could not
+ determine appropriate alternative text — validators are not
+ required to show an error in this case, because such an error might
+ encourage markup generators to include bogus alternative text
+ purely in an attempt to silence validators. Naturally, conformance
+ checkers <em>may</em> report the lack of an <code title=attr-img-alt><a href=#attr-img-alt>alt</a></code> attribute as an error even in the
+ presence of the <code title=attr-img-generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt><a href=#attr-img-generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt>generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt</a></code>
+ attribute; for example, there could be a user option to report
+ <em>all</em> conformance errors even those that might be the more
+ or less inevitable result of using a markup generator.)</li>
</ul></div>
Modified: source
===================================================================
--- source 2012-08-21 23:35:13 UTC (rev 7249)
+++ source 2012-08-22 00:43:32 UTC (rev 7250)
@@ -16066,15 +16066,6 @@
</div>
- <!-- XXXX -->
- <p class="note">This metadata name causes conformance checkers to
- <a href="#guidance-for-conformance-checkers">silently ignore</a>
- certain conformance errors that are inevitable when using
- state-of-the-art editing software, to discourage such editors from
- replacing those errors with even more incorrect markup that
- state-of-the-art automated conformance checkers cannot distinguish
- from valid markup.</p>
-
</dd>
<dt><dfn title="meta-keywords"><code>keywords</code></dfn></dt>
@@ -28000,6 +27991,11 @@
or the URL of the target, and use information obtained in this
manner as the alternative text.</p>
+ <p>For images that have captions, markup generators should use the
+ <code>figure</code> and <code>figcaption</code> elements, or the
+ <code title="attr-title">title</code> attribute, to provide the
+ image's caption.</p>
+
<p>As a last resort, implementors should either set the <code
title="attr-img-alt">alt</code> attribute to the empty string, under
the assumption that the image is a purely decorative image that
@@ -28008,6 +28004,23 @@
altogether, under the assumption that the image is a key part of the
content.</p>
+ <p>Markup generators may specify a <dfn
+ title="attr-img-generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt"><code>generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt</code></dfn>
+ attribute on <code>img</code> elements for which they have been
+ unable to obtain alternative text and for which they have therefore
+ omitted the <code title="attr-img-alt">alt</code> attribute. The
+ value of this attribute must be the empty string. Documents
+ containing such attributes are not conforming, but conformance
+ checkers will <a href="#guidance-for-conformance-checkers">silently
+ ignore</a> this error.</p>
+
+ <p class="note">This is intended to avoid markup generators from
+ being pressured into replacing the error of omitting the <code
+ title="attr-img-alt">alt</code> attribute with the even more
+ egregious error of providing phony alternative text, because
+ state-of-the-art automated conformance checkers cannot distinguish
+ phony alternative text from correct alternative text.</p>
+
<p>Markup generators should generally avoid using the image's own
file name as the alternative text. Similarly, markup generators
should avoid generating alternative text from any content that will
@@ -28035,35 +28048,42 @@
<!-- when editing this list, search for the two other occurrences
of 'critical-no-alt' -->
- <li>The <code>img</code> element is in a <code>figure</code>
+ <li><p>The <code>img</code> element is in a <code>figure</code>
element that satisfies <a href="#figcaption-as-alt-condition">the
- conditions described above</a>.</li>
+ conditions described above</a>.</p></li>
- <li>The <code title="attr-title">title</code> attribute is present
- and has a non-empty value (as <a href="#unknown-images">described
- above</a>).</li>
+ <li><p>The <code>img</code> element has a <code
+ title="attr-title">title</code> attribute with a value that is not
+ the empty string (also as <a href="#unknown-images">described
+ above</a>).</p></li>
<!-- the following are additional entries not included in the
aforementioned list, as they apply only to conformance checkers -->
- <li>The conformance checker has been configured to assume that the
- document is an e-mail or document intended for a specific person
- who is known to be able to view images.</li>
+ <li><p>The conformance checker has been configured to assume that
+ the document is an e-mail or document intended for a specific
+ person who is known to be able to view images.</p></li>
- <!-- XXXX -->
- <li>The document has a <code>meta</code> element with a <code
- title="attr-meta-name">name</code> attribute whose value is an
- <span>ASCII case-insensitive</span> match for the string "<code
- title="meta-generator">generator</code>". (This case does not
- represent a case where the document is conforming, only that the
- generator could not determine appropriate alternative text —
- validators are not required to show an error in this case, because
- such an error might encourage markup generators to include bogus
- alternative text purely in an attempt to silence validators.
- Naturally, conformance checkers <em>may</em> report this error; for
- example, there could be a user option to report <em>all</em>
- conformance errors even those that might be the more or less
- inevitable result of using a markup generator.)</li>
+ <li><p>The <code>img</code> elment has a (non-conforming) <code
+ title="attr-img-generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt">generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt</code>
+ attribute whose value is the empty string. A conformance checker
+ that is not reporting the lack of an <code
+ title="attr-img-alt">alt</code> attribute as an error must also not
+ report the presence of the empty <code
+ title="attr-img-generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt">generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt</code>
+ attribute as an error. (This case does not represent a case where
+ the document is conforming, only that the generator could not
+ determine appropriate alternative text — validators are not
+ required to show an error in this case, because such an error might
+ encourage markup generators to include bogus alternative text
+ purely in an attempt to silence validators. Naturally, conformance
+ checkers <em>may</em> report the lack of an <code
+ title="attr-img-alt">alt</code> attribute as an error even in the
+ presence of the <code
+ title="attr-img-generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt">generator-unable-to-provide-required-alt</code>
+ attribute; for example, there could be a user option to report
+ <em>all</em> conformance errors even those that might be the more
+ or less inevitable result of using a markup generator.)</p></li>
</ul>
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